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Serine encoded by the codons UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG, AGU and AGC is an ?-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an ?-amino group (which is in the protonated ?NH+
3 form under biological conditions), a carboxyl group , and a side chain consisting of a hydroxymethyl group , classifying it as a polar amino acid. It can be synthesized in the human body under normal physiological circumstances, making it a nonessential amino acid.