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Praetor , also spelled prætor or pretor in English, was a title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to men acting in one of two official capacities: the commander of an army ; and as an elected magistratus , assigned various duties . The functions of the magistracy, the praetura , are described by the adjective:[1] the praetoria potestas , the praetorium imperium , and the praetorium ius , the legal precedents established by the praetores . Praetorium, as a substantive, denoted the location from which the praetor exercised his authority, either the headquarters of his castra, the courthouse of his judiciary, or the city hall of his provincial governorship.[2]