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A scintillator is a material that exhibits scintillation ? the property of luminescence, when excited by ionizing radiation. Luminescent materials, when struck by an incoming particle, absorb its energy and scintillate, . Sometimes, the excited state is metastable, so the relaxation back down from the excited state to lower states is delayed : the process then corresponds to either one of two phenomena, depending on the type of transition and hence the wavelength of the emitted optical photon: delayed fluorescence or phosphorescence, also called after-glow.