| trial and error | experimenting until a solution is found |
test
trial
run | the act of testing something, in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately, he called each flip of the coin a new trial |
clinical trial
clinical test | a rigorously controlled test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on human subjects, in the United States it is conducted under the direction of the FDA before being made available for general clinical use |
phase I clinical trial
phase I | a clinical trial on a few persons to determine the safety of a new drug or invasive medical device, for drugs, dosage or toxicity limits should be obtained |
phase II clinical trial
phase II | a clinical trial on more persons than in phase I, intended to evaluate the efficacy of a treatment for the condition it is intended to treat, possible side effects are monitored |
phase III clinical trial
phase III | a large clinical trial of a treatment or drug that in phase I and phase II has been shown to be efficacious with tolerable side effects, after successful conclusion of these clinical trials it will receive formal approval from the FDA |
phase IV clinical trial
phase IV | sometimes the FDA approves a drug for general use but requires the manufacturer to continue to monitor its effects, during this phase the drug may be tried on slightly different patient populations than those studied in earlier trials |
preclinical trial
preclinical test
preclinical phase | a laboratory test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on animal subjects, conducted to gather evidence justifying a clinical trial |
| test trial | the act of undergoing testing, he survived the great test of battle, candidates must compete in a trial of skill |
| field trial | a test of young hunting dogs to determine their skill in pointing and retrieving |
| trial | (law) the determination of a person's innocence or guilt by due process of law, he had a fair trial and the jury found him guilty, most of these complaints are settled before they go to trial |
ordeal
trial by ordeal | a primitive method of determining a person's guilt or innocence by subjecting the accused person to dangerous or painful tests believed to be under divine control, escape was usually taken as a sign of innocence |
| Scopes trial | a highly publicized trial in when John Thomas Scopes violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school, Scopes was prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan and defended by Clarence Darrow, Scopes was convicted but the verdict was later reversed |
| show trial | a trial held for show, the guilt of the accused person has been decided in advance |
| trial balloon | a balloon sent up to test air currents |
| right to speedy and public trial by jury | a civil right guaranteed by the th amendment to the US Constitution |
trial
trial run
test tryout | trying something to find out about it, a sample for ten days free trial, a trial of progesterone failed to relieve the pain |
field trial
field test | a test of the performance of some new product under the conditions in which it will be used |
| trial balloon | a test of public opinion |
proof test copy
trial impression | (printing) an impression made to check for errors |
trial
tribulation
visitation | an annoying or frustrating or catastrophic event, his mother-in-law's visits were a great trial for him, life is full of tribulations, a visitation of the plague |
| field trial | a contest between gun dogs to determine their proficiency in pointing and retrieving |
| trial | (sports) a preliminary competition to determine qualifications, the trials for the semifinals began yesterday |
defense
defence
defense team
defense lawyers | the defendant and his legal advisors collectively, the defense called for a mistrial |
| trial court | the first court before which the facts of a case are decided |
trial attorney
trial lawyer | a lawyer who specializes in defending clients before a court of law |
| trial judge | a judge in a trial court |
| trial balance | a balance of debits and credits in double-entry bookkeeping, drawn up to test their equality |
trial period
test period | a period of time during which someone or something is tested |
| trial-and-error | relating to solving problems by experience rather than theory, they adopted a trial-and-error procedure |
| trial-and-error | trying out various means or theories until error is satisfactorily reduced or eliminated, he argued that all learning is a trial-and-error process that resembles biological evolution |
| on trial | in the process of being tested or tried |
empirically
through empirical observation
by trial and error | in an empirical manner, this can be empirically tested |