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Radium is a chemical element with symbol Ra and atomic number 88. It is the sixth element in group 2 of the periodic table, also known as the alkaline earth metals. Pure radium is silvery-white, but it readily combines with nitrogen on exposure to air, forming a black surface layer of radium nitride . All isotopes of radium are highly radioactive, with the most stable isotope being radium-226, which has a half-life of 1600 years and decays into radon gas . When radium decays, ionizing radiation is a product, which can excite fluorescent chemicals and cause radioluminescence.